In order to integrate phase change materials with building envelope materials and make their application into practical stage, the commonly used methods are impregnation, direct addition and encapsulation.

Superhard materials mainly refer to diamond and cubic boron nitride. Diamond is the hardest material known in the world, including natural diamond and synthetic diamond.

For bulk MAX phase materials, chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is the earliest method to prepare this material. CVD technology requires higher synthesis temperature, higher production cost and lower production efficiency.

Silica aerogel is a kind of gel material with dispersed medium as gas. It is a nanoporous fixed material with network structure composed of colloidal particles or polymer molecules, and its solid phase and pore structure are nanometer scale.

Graphene is a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice structure consisting of carbon atoms with a single atomic layer or atomic layer thickness.

3D printing technology has basically formed a system in technology, and the same applicable industries are gradually expanding.

The requirements of metal 3D printing for powder are mainly in chemical composition, particle shape, particle size, particle size distribution, fluidity, recycling and so on.

A wide variety of functional nanoscale materials and functional nanoscale surfaces are in use in consumer products, including cosmetics and sunscreens, fibers and textiles, dyes, fillers, paints, emulsions and colloids.

Nanomaterials and nanoparticles are used in a broad spectrum of applications. Today they are contained in many products and used in various technologies.

Nano-particle materials: When used directly, the morphology of nano-particles is called nano-particle materials. Ultra-fine particle catalysts, known as the fourth generation catalysts, can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency by using very high