Use the junction of collinear nickel oxide insulators to generate spin-polarized current
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Author : TRUNNANO
Update time : 2021-01-28 14:07:21
Nickel oxide overview Nickel (II) oxide is a compound with the chemical formula NiO. It is the main oxide of nickel. Nickel oxide is a highly insoluble, thermally stable source of nickel suitable for glass, optical and ceramic applications. Nickel oxide is a green crystalline solid and the main oxide of nickel. Although rare in nature, millions of kilograms of high-purity (99.999%) nickel oxide (NiO) powder are produced every year. Oxide does not conduct electricity.
However, certain oxides of perovskite structure have conductivity in the cathodes of solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen generation systems. They are compounds containing at least one oxygen anion and one metal cation. They are generally insoluble in aqueous solutions (water) and are very stable, making them useful for ceramic structures, as simple as the production of clay bowls for advanced electronic devices, and for lightweight structural components in aerospace and electrochemical applications such as fuels Batteries in which they exhibit ionic conductivity.
Metal oxides are basic acid anhydrides, so they can react with acids and strong reducing agents in redox reactions. Nickel oxide can also be made into particles, small pieces, powders, sputtering targets, tablets and nanopowders. In most cases, nickel oxide is usually available immediately. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms can be considered.
What is nickel oxide used for? Nickel oxide has the following applications: used to make electrical ceramics, such as thermistors and varistors. Ferrite (nickel-zinc ferrite) is used as a pigment for ceramics, glass and glazes.
NiO has a variety of professional applications. Generally, the application distinguishes between "chemical grade" and "metallurgical grade". "Chemical grade" is a relatively pure material used for special applications, while "metallurgical grade" is mainly used to produce alloys. It is used in the ceramic industry to make glass frit, ferrite and enamel. The sintered oxide is used to produce nickel steel alloys. Charles Édouard Guillaume won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on nickel-steel alloys, which he called Invar and Irenevar.
NiO is a commonly used hole transport material in thin-film solar cells. It is also a component of nickel-iron batteries (also known as Edison batteries) and a component of fuel cells. It is the precursor of many nickel salts, used as specialty chemicals and catalysts. Recently, until the development of NiMH batteries with environmental advantages, NiO was used to manufacture NiCd rechargeable batteries used in many electronic devices. NiO anode electrochromic material has been widely studied as the opposite electrode of tungsten oxide (cathode electrochromic material) in complementary electrochromic devices.
It produces about 4,000 tons of chemical grade NiO annually. Black NiO is the precursor of nickel salt, which is formed by mineral acid treatment. NiO is a multifunctional hydrogenation catalyst.
Heating nickel oxide with hydrogen, carbon or carbon monoxide can reduce it to metallic nickel. It combines with sodium and potassium oxides at high temperatures (> 700°C) to form corresponding nickelates.
Is nickel oxide soluble in water? Nickel oxide is soluble in acid, potassium cyanide and ammonium hydroxide. It is insoluble in hot and cold water, a caustic alkali solution.
Use the junction of collinear nickel oxide insulators to generate spin-polarized current
Antiferromagnetic materials have shown promise for spintronics applications because they are robust to magnetic field disturbances, do not generate stray fields, and exhibit ultra-fast dynamics. However, due to the symmetry of the spin sublattice, it is still difficult to generate and manipulate spin-polarized currents in such materials. The use of nickel oxide may help overcome this limitation. We have constructed a prototype junction consisting of a gold-nickel-gold-gold junction, in which a collinear nickel oxide insulator can destroy the spin sublattice symmetry using an external bias voltage. Such a system demonstrates the emergence of spin-polarized currents by inducing non-equivalent transmission of spin-up and spin-down currents.
"Due to the symmetry of the spin sublattice, it has long been believed that spin-polarized current cannot be obtained in collinear antiferromagnetic materials," said author Zhang Xianmin. "Here, we show that the symmetry of the antiferromagnetic spin sublattice may be destroyed by the bias voltage, and then a spin-polarized current is induced in the collinear antiferromagnetic material."
This work provides a way to improve the large resistance mismatch, which prevents small spin injection from the metal electrode to the semiconductor, which will make it easier to combine spintronics and semiconductor electronics. In addition to adjusting the amplitude, the team was also able to modify the sign of spin polarization by changing the bias. The system can achieve up to 80% positive spin polarization at approximately 0.9 volts, while negative spin polarization exceeds a bias voltage of 1.6 volts. Zhang hopes that these findings will help pave the way for the development of new antiferromagnetic spintronic devices, and hopes to continue exploring the manipulation of such materials. Is nickel oxide acidic or alkaline? Unless otherwise stated, data on materials are provided in standard conditions (at 25°C [77°F], 100 kPa). Nickel hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NiO(OH). It is a black solid, insoluble in all solvents, but will be attacked by alkalis and acids.
Is nickel oxide magnetic? The branched nickel oxide nanocrystals with narrow size distribution are obtained by the solution growth method. The results of magnetic characterization show that, due to uncompensated spins, NiO nanocrystals with a size less than 12.8 nm exhibit a very weak ferromagnetic state at room temperature.
UiTM's electrical engineers' novel nickel oxide nano carnation package won the MTE 2020 Gold Award and International Merit Award
The electrical engineering lecturer of Teknologi MARA University (UiTM) Malaysia became a gold medalist at the recent Malaysia Technology Expo (MTE) 2020. Their project is called "Humidity Sensor Based on New Nickel Oxide Nano-Carnation Structure Synthesized by Low-Temperature Immersion Method". Dr. Assoc. Mohamad Hafiz Mamat also won the 2020 Malaysia Technology Expo (MTE) International Merit Award.
The present invention proposes the manufacture of a humidity sensor based on nickel oxide nanostructures on cheap glass or flexible substrates. The made sensor has excellent sensitivity to humidity or water molecules. Use the solution immersion method to manufacture sensors at low temperatures.
MTE, held annually since 2001, has become one of the most recognized international invention exhibitions. This year, MTE is managed by PROTEMP Group, University of Malacca Malaysia (UTEM) and SIRIM Tech Venture Sdn. SIRIM Tech Venture Sdn Bhd. It is a subsidiary of SIRIM Berhad, which provides commercial services for innovations generated by research and development (R&D) activities in Malaysia. During the three-day exhibition, more than 500 local and international inventions were exhibited.
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