What is lithium sulfide? Lithium sulfide is a white to yellow crystal with an inverse fluorite structure. The molecular formula is Li2S, which is a sulfide of lithium. The molecular weight of lithium sulfide is 45.95, and its specific gravity to water is 1:1.66 (water = 1). The melting point of lithium sulfide is 938°C and the boiling point is 1372°C. Lithium sulfide is easily soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, soluble in acid, and insoluble in alkali. Lithium sulfide can be used as a potential electrolyte material in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Physical and chemical properties of lithium sulfide Physical properties White to yellow crystals; Has an anti-fluorite structure; The specific gravity is 1.66 (water = 1), the melting point is 938°C, and the boiling point is 1372°C; Easily soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, soluble in acid, insoluble in alkali; Chemical nature Lithium sulfide easily absorbs water vapor in the air and hy-drolyzes, releasing highly toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. Lithium sulfide can be separated by acid to liberate hydrogen sulfide; it can react violently with nitric acid, but hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid can only decompose it when heated. It reacts slowly with concentrated sulfuric acid but reacts violently with dilute sulfuric acid. When heated to about 300°C in the air, it is oxidized by oxygen, but does not generate sulfur dioxide, but generates lithium sulfate.
Preparation of lithium sulfide Lithium sulfide can be prepared by a variety of methods. In the past, lithium and sulfur were used to heat together to react, and carbon or hydrogen was used to reduce lithium sulfate under heating to prepare lithium sulfide. Later, it was discovered that lithium and sulfur can act in liquid ammonia, or lithium ethoxide can decompose the ethanol adduct of lithium hydrosulfide to produce lithium sulfide. After that, some people used lithium pentoxide and hydrogen sulfide to react first to prepare lithium hydrogen sulfide, and then decompose the lithium hydrogen sulfide under vacuum heating to prepare lithium sulfide. High-quality anhydrous lithium sulfide can be produced by reacting metallic lithium with hydrogen sulfide in tetrahydrofuran. Application of lithium sulfide Lithium sulfide can mainly be used as a potential electrolyte material in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Lithium sulfide storage and precautions Lithium sulfide easily absorbs water vapor in the air and hy-drolyzes, releasing highly toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. Therefore, it needs to be stored in a closed and dark place at room temperature, and placed in a ventilated and dry place. Hydrogen sulfide is slightly harmful to water bodies. Do not expose undiluted or large amounts of products to groundwater, sewers, or sewage systems, and do not discharge materials into the surrounding environment without treatment. The irritation of lithium sulfide On the skin: Irritating to the skin and mucous membranes Above the eyes: the effects of irritation Sensitization: no known sensitization
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