Sodium silicate (chemical formula: Na2SiO3) is an inorganic substance, also known as effervescent alkali, and is a common silicate. Sodium silicate is a white or slightly light grey powder or fine particle with high adhesion and film-forming properties, widely used in fields such as construction, textiles, printing and dyeing, papermaking, and mineral processing.
1.Preparation of sodium silicate
Sodium silicate can be prepared by different methods, with the most commonly used method being the reaction of alkali metal oxides or hydroxides with silica at high temperatures. Specifically, sand, alkali metal oxides or hydroxides, and coal powder are mixed evenly, heated to high temperature and reacted to obtain sodium silicate. Another preparation method is directly reacting silicon powder with sodium hydroxide to generate sodium silicate and hydrogen gas.
2.The properties of sodium silicate
Sodium silicate is an inorganic salt with a high melting and boiling point, insoluble in water but easily soluble in alkaline solution. The aqueous solution of sodium silicate is alkaline and has strong adhesion and film-forming properties, which can form a strong protective film. In addition, sodium silicate has high thermal stability and weather resistance, which can maintain stability at higher temperatures and humidity.
3. The application of sodium silicate
Chemical industry: used for manufacturing silicate product, such as SiO2 gel, white carbon black, zeolite molecular sieve, etc.
Light industry: It is an indispensable raw material in detergents such as laundry and soap, as well as a water softener and sedimentation aid. Used in the textile industry for dyeing, bleaching, and sizing.
Mechanical industry: widely used in casting, grinding wheel manufacturing, and metal anti-corrosion agents.
Construction industry: used for manufacturing cement, refractory materials, etc.
Agriculture: can be used to manufacture silicon fertilizers.
Mineral processing industry: waterproofing, plugging, wood fire prevention, food preservation, and adhesive production.
Fireproof material: Sodium silicate liquid can be used as the outer surface of fire doors.
Other fields: It plays the role of washing aid, anti-corrosion and stabilizing foam in synthetic detergent; it Can be used as a filler for papermaking; It is used to manufacture silicon gel, etc.
In addition, sodium silicate is often used for impregnation or coating porous materials such as clay bricks, cement concrete, silicate concrete, and stone, which can improve the materials' density, strength, impermeability, frost resistance, and water resistance. The water glass and calcium chloride solution are alternately pressed into the soil, and the generated silicic acid gel consolidates the soil under a humid environment because it absorbs the water in the soil in an expansive state. At the same time, sodium silicate is also an important raw material for preparing silicon gel, silica sol, etc.
Industrial sodium silicate is a commonly used chemical raw material with many applications. It can serve as an additive in glass production, promoting the hardening and maturation of glass. It can dissolve or disperse oil stains and other substances as an alkaline detergent component. In building materials, it can be used as a cement additive to improve the strength and durability of cement. It is widely used as a cleaning agent and degreaser in the manufacturing industry, which can effectively remove oil, dirt, and other organic matter. In addition, sodium silicate is also used in fields such as metal surface treatment, glass manufacturing, and textile industry. Regarding environmental protection, sodium silicate can be used as a water treatment agent to help remove impurities and pollutants from water.
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