As early as 1931, Soviet writers wrote a science fiction short story called "Microhands," which depicted "tiny hands" capable of performing complex surgery. This story, from nearly 90 years ago, "predicts" the nanotechnology research being carried out by scholars today. The famous Nobel Laureate Feyneman also predicted in the 1960s that if we exert some control over the arrangement of objects on a small scale, we can make objects acquire a large number of extraordinary properties and see rich changes in the properties of materials.
So, what exactly is a nano?
Nanometer is a unit of measurement in physics, abbreviated as nm. A nanometer is equivalent to one billionth of a meter, which is equivalent to one thousandth of the thickness of a hair. Undoubtedly, technologies with specific functions of nanometer are called nanotechnology. In fact, the nanometer principle was discovered by observing the lotus leaf structure: the scientists observed that water droplets rolled on the lotus leaf, not only did not wet the leaf, but also cleaned the dirt from the leaf surface, so they carried out a study. Analysis by electron microscopy revealed that the lotus leaf had a very complex multinanometer and micron ultrastructure on its surface, which was composed of a layer of extremely fine cilia, rather than being as smooth as expected. The structure and roughness of this fine surface range from micron to nanometer size. The droplet forms a sphere under its own surface tension, by which the droplet absorbs dust in the rolling process and rolls out of the blade. That's more than any other clean technology. This is the secret of lotus nano surface "self-cleansing". Therefore, there will be nano umbrella, nano dishcloth and other clean living supplies in our life, which are very beneficial to modern people.
Nanotechnology is also easy to understand. In simple terms, it is a technology that USES individual atoms and molecules as building blocks to build materials. Imagine studying a grain of rice. Shrink a grain of rice by a factor of 1,000, which is the size of a human skin cell, and another factor of 1,000 is nanoscale. Nanoscience studies these objects, which are only a billionth of a metre in size. In this way, the use of nanoparticles is not limited to cleaning appliances. It is the emergence of this technology that will enable much science fiction "black technology" to become a reality.
At present, the application of nanotechnology has set off a new generation of technological revolution in many fields, and this young technology has penetrated into our daily life. Just a few examples: in the case of clothing, adding nanoparticles to textiles and chemical fibres kills taste and kills bacteria. Chemical fibers are strong, but they have annoying static effects, which can be eliminated by adding a small amount of metal nanoparticles. On the food side, using nanomaterials, refrigerators can fight bacteria. Aseptic tableware and aseptic food packaging products made of nanomaterials are already available. The use of nanometer powder can completely change the wastewater into clean water, completely meet the drinking standard, nanometer food taste good, but also beneficial to health. In building respect, the application of nano technology, make the resistance of metope coating can increase 10 times. Glass and ceramic tile surfaces coated with nano-thin layers can be made from self-cleaning glass and self-cleaning ceramic tile, without scrubbing at all. Building materials containing nanoparticles can also absorb harmful ultraviolet light. In terms of vehicles, nanomaterials can improve and improve the performance of vehicles. Nanocrystals are expected to be ideal materials for automobile, ship, aircraft and other engine components, which can greatly improve engine efficiency, working life and reliability. Nanosatellites can provide traffic information to drivers at any time to help them drive safely. In medical treatment, the use of nanotechnology made of micro drug delivery device, can carry a certain dose of drugs, under the guidance of electromagnetic signals in vitro accurately reach the lesion site, effectively play a therapeutic role, and reduce the adverse reactions of drugs. A nanosized robot, smaller than a red blood cell, can be injected into a patient's blood vessel to unclog blood clots in the brain's blood vessels. Clear the fat of heart artery and precipitate, still can "chew" the stone of urinary system. Whether now or in the future, the research on nanoparticles will be the hot spot for a long time. Hereafter, our lives will be more closely related to this technology.
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