As a cutting-edge technology, the application of nanotechnology in concrete is booming and has become a hot spot in the research field of concrete technology.
The use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials to develop a new type of concrete admixture, increase the variety of concrete admixture, improve the performance of concrete admixture and the effect of the concrete modification, and reduce side effects.
Nanomaterialscan effectively improve the properties of concrete 1. Nano silicon dioxide Nano-SiO2 is a kind of ultra-fine powder with hydroxyl groups on the surface formed by the hydrolysis of silicon or organosilicon chloride at high temperatures. In cement concrete, nano-SiO2 can increase the strength and durability of concrete because of its strong pozzolanic activity, micro-aggregate filling effect and crystal nucleus.
2. Nano calcium carbonate
Nano-CaCO3 is a mineral powder material with low activity, and its cost is about 1/10 of that of nano-SiO2.
With the addition of nano-calcium carbonate powder, under the combined action of the micro-aggregate effect and crystal nucleus effect, the packing density is increased, which is helpful to improve the flexural and compressive strength, and the crystal nucleation of nano-calcium carbonate can refine the crystal form and improve the interface structure. It is helpful to improve the durability of concrete.
3. Carbon nanotubes
Carbon nanotubes are tubular, light in weight, and perfectly connected in a hexagonal structure, so they are good high-strength fibre materials.
Adding an appropriate amount of carbon nanotubes into cement can effectively improve the pore structure and microcracks of the material and play a bridging role in improving the mechanical properties of the cement matrix.
The following figure shows the flexural and compressive strength change with increased carbon nanotube content.
4. Carbon nanofibers
Carbon nanofiber is a new type of nanocarbon material formed by crimping graphite sheets with a layered structure. Compared with carbon nanotubes, it has a small cost and a great advantage in output.
Professor Mo of the University of Houston found that adding the appropriate amount of carbon nanofibers makes concrete have excellent pressure-sensitive properties and can improve its mechanical properties.
With the development of the construction industry, the design of concrete as building materials that meet different environmental and functional requirements will be more and more favoured by people. The development of traditional concrete materials is stepping into the track of scientific and technological innovation. Nanotechnology is bound to play a more and more important role.
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