What is Zirconium Diboride? Zirconium diboride chemical formula is ZrB2. Zirconium Diboride is a kind of high covalent refractory ceramic with a hexagonal crystal structure.
ZrB2 is an ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) with a melting point of 3246 °C, which combines with its relatively low density of about 6.09 g/cm 3 and good high-temperature strength, making it a candidate for high-temperature aerospace applications, such as hypersonic flight or rocket propulsion systems.
It is an unusual ceramic with relatively high thermal and electrical conductivity, sharing the same properties as the isomorphic titanium and hafnium diboride.
ZrB2 parts are usually hot-pressed (applying pressure to heated powder) and then machined into shape. Sintering of ZrB2 is hampered by the covalent nature of the material and the presence of surface oxides that increase grain coarsening prior to densification during sintering. The pressureless sintering of ZrB2 can increase the sintering driving force by the reaction of sintering additives such as boron carbide and carbon with surface oxides, but the mechanical properties are reduced compared to hot-pressed ZrB2.
Adding about 30 vol% SiC to ZrB2 to improve its oxidation resistance, thus forming a protective oxide layer, which is similar to the protective alumina layer.
ZrB2 is used for ultra-high-temperature ceramic matrix composites (UHTCMCs).
Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Ceramics Zirconium diboride ceramics have been attached importance and applied in the fields of high-temperature structural ceramics, composites, refractories, electrode materials, and nuclear control materials because of their high melting point and hardness, good electrical and thermal conductivity, and strong neutron control ability, like turbine blades in the aviation industry, magnetic fluid power generation electrodes, etc.
In addition, compared with many ceramic materials, it has better electrical conductivity and can be used to produce complex-shaped parts by wire cutting technology.
Zirconium Diboride Uses 1. Refractory material
ZrB2 ceramic is an excellent special refractory material, which can be used as high-temperature thermocouple protection bushing, casting mold, the crucible of metallurgical metal, etc. When used as thermocouple protection bushing, its airtightness is not very good and it has conductivity. Therefore, it must be combined with an aluminum oxide inner casing to carry out effective temperature measurement work. The thermocouple sleeve of this material can be used continuously for a long time in molten iron and brass melt. ZrB2 ceramics can also be used as antioxidants in refractories. 2. Electrode material
ZrB2, due to its low resistivity and electronic conduction mechanism, is suitable for electric contact materials and electrode materials, and can be used in metal thermocouple electrodes and high-temperature heating elements. In 1994, researchers developed a casing thermocouple material paired with ZrB2 and graphite. It has been proved by experiments that it can work in an oxidizing atmosphere at 1200~1600℃. The thermocouple value is large, up to about 70mV at 1600℃, and the thermoelectric potential rate is high. It can play a role in continuous temperature measurement in some special occasions where metal thermocouple and radiation thermometer are not applicable, and is a good thermocouple material. 3. Others
Due to the high hardness of ZrB2, it is a good wear-resistant material and has a good application in cutting tools and cutting tools. Because of its excellent corrosion resistance, ZrB2 film has been studied deeply.
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