The classification of Phosphide Powder
Ionic phosphates
Including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and zinc, aluminum and other phosphates. Such compounds may be thought of as derivatives of phosphine, in which hydrogen atoms are replaced by metal atoms in equal equivalence. Most ionic phosphates are decomposed by acids. For example, calcium phosphide Ca3P2 reacts easily with water to form phosphide and hydroxide. Zinc phosphide Zn3P2 reacts slowly with water but easily with acid.
Metallic phosphide
Phosphates containing most heavy metals. They are similar in composition and appearance to metal intercompounds, and most are not easily broken down by water or acids.
The application of Phosphide Powder
Ferric phosphor (23-29% P) is used to prepare high-strength steel, and the strength and corrosion resistance of steel can be greatly improved by containing 0.1-0.3% (alloyed) phosphorus. Ferric phosphor is the by-product of single phosphor produced by electric furnace process. There are also a small amount of silicon, chromium, alum and other impurities in general commercial ferric phosphor.
Iridium phosphide is extremely hard and chemically stable, and is used for pens.
Magnesium phosphide releases half its phosphine in moist air.
Aluminum phosphide also releases highly toxic phosphine in moist air and is used as a grain fumigant.
Copper phosphide is used as a deoxidizer.
A phosphating grain is used as a semiconductor.
The relevant Phosphide
Calcium phosphide
It is a reddish brown crystal or gray granular material with melting point of about 1600℃ and relative density of 2.51. Soluble in acid, insoluble in ethanol and ethyl ether; It is prepared by heating aluminum or carbon to reduce calcium phosphate. Used for making phosphine and signal bombs, fireworks, etc. Zinc phosphide is a dark gray powder with foul odor, melting point above 420℃, incombustible in case of fire, density 4.55 g/cm 3(18℃); Slightly soluble in lye and oil; Can dissolve in water in the air. Zinc phosphide baits containing 2% ~ 3% by zinc powder and red phosphorus acting at 550℃ are used to poison rats and voles. Aluminum phosphide is a grey-yellow crystal or powder that does not melt or sublimate and does not decompose when heated to 1000℃. The ignition temperature is about 100℃ and the relative density is 2.85. It is made of aluminum powder and red phosphorus acting with electric current or flame at 650℃. Aluminum phosphide shall be dried and stored, and release highly toxic phosphide gas when wet or acid; Used as a fumigant in barns to kill pests.
Sodium phosphide
Red highly toxic crystal, chemical formula Na3P, when water immediately decomposed to release highly toxic, flammable fumes. Used as phosphating agent to prepare phosphine and pesticide. Red phosphorus and metallic sodium are synthesized by a chemical reaction.
Hydrogen phosphide
Phosphine is a colorless, highly toxic, flammable, liquefied compressed gas stored in cylinders. Its storage pressure is 522psig (70oF) of its vapor pressure. This gas is heavier than air and has a smell similar to stinky fish. If trace amounts of other phosphorus hydrides such as ethophosphate are encountered, spontaneous combustion will occur. Phosphine is treated as a highly toxic and spontaneously flammable gas. Inhalation of phosphine can affect the heart, respiratory system, kidneys, stomach, nervous system and liver.
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