What is amorphous elemental boron?
The chemical properties of amorphous elemental boron are more active than crystalline elemental boron. Crystalline boron is very hard and is often used instead of diamond to make cutting tools or drills. A small amount of boron is added in the process of metal smelting, on the one hand, it acts as a deoxidizer to prevent the metal from being oxidized at high temperature; on the other hand, it forms an alloy to improve the performance of the metal.
Amorphous boron powder is an important energy material. It is used as a solid fuel in composite solid propellants. The calorific value of boron is more than twice that of carbon, about twice that of aluminum, and more than twice that of magnesium. The value is almost three times that of hydrocarbon fuels, the density is only slightly lower than that of aluminum, and it has the highest volumetric calorific value. In terms of its energy, boron should be the best non-metallic fuel. And amorphous boron greatly reduces the ignition temperature due to its irregular shape and large specific surface area.
Application range of amorphous elemental boron:
1. Neutron absorbers and neutron counters for nuclear reactors.
2. Catalyst for medicine, ceramic industry and organic synthesis.
3. The ignition electrode of the ignition tube in the electronics industry.
4. High-energy fuel for solid rocket thrusters.
5. Monomer boron is used in the synthesis of various high-purity boron-containing compounds.
6. Monomer boron is used as a safety gas initiator for automobiles.
7. Monolithic boron is used in the smelting of special alloy steel.
8. Monomer boron is the raw material for producing boron fiber.
9. Monomer boron is a gas scavenger in molten copper.
10. Monomer boron can be used in fireworks industry.
11. Monomer boron is an important raw material for the manufacture of high-purity boron halide.
12. Monolithic boron in semiconductors and electricity: after carbonization at about 2300 ℃, it is used as the cathode material of the ignition core in the ignition tube. It can also be used as a raw material for the preparation of high-quality cathode material lanthanum boride.
13. Monolithic boron can be used as a protective material in the atomic energy industry, and can be made into boron steel for atomic energy reactors.
14. Boron is the raw material for the manufacture of borane and various borides. Borane can be used as a high-energy fuel for rockets and missiles.
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