Iron oxide is an inorganic compound of the formula Fe2O3. It is one of the three primary iron oxides, the other two are rare ferrous oxide (of FeO); and triiron tetroxide (of Fe3O4), which exists naturally as the mineral magnetite. Iron oxide is also called hematite. It is the main source of iron in steelmaking, susceptible to acid corrosion. Iron oxide is commonly referred to as rust. In some cases, this is not a problem, because rust has several common characteristics and similar components. For chemists, rust is an ill-defined substance called hydrated iron oxide. Fe2O3 has many crystal types. Among the main α and γ configuration iron oxides, iron has a six-coordinate octahedral structure.
About iron oxide pigments
Iron oxide pigments mainly refer to four types of coloring pigments, iron oxide red, iron yellow, iron black, and iron brown based on iron oxides. Among them, iron oxide red is the main one (approximately accounting for iron oxide pigments). 50%), mica iron oxide used as an anti-rust pigment and magnetic iron oxide used as a magnetic recording material also belong to the category of iron oxide pigments. Iron oxide is the second-largest inorganic pigment after titanium dioxide and the largest colored inorganic pigment.
Among all iron oxide pigments consumed, more than 70% are prepared by chemical synthesis, which is called synthetic iron oxide. Synthetic iron oxide is widely used in building materials, coatings, plastics because of its high synthetic purity, uniform particle size, wide chromatogram, multiple colors, low price, non-toxicity, excellent coloring and application properties, and ability to absorb ultraviolet rays. , Electronics, tobacco, medicine, rubber, ceramics, ink, magnetic materials, papermaking and other fields.
Performance and applications of iron oxide
1. Iron and steel industry: The main use of iron oxide is as a raw material in the iron and steel industry.
2. Surface polishing: extremely fine iron oxide powder is called "jeweler's rouge", "red rouge", or rouge for short. It is applied for the final polishing of metal jewelry and lenses and has historically been used as a cosmetic. The cutting speed of iron oxide is slower than some modern polishing agents (such as cerium oxide), but it is still used in the optical manufacturing and jewelry industries because it can produce excellent finishes. When polishing gold, rouge will slightly contaminate the gold and have an impact on the appearance of the finished product. Rouge is sold in the form of powders, pastes, polishing cloths or solid sticks (containing wax or grease binders). Other polishing materials are often referred to as "Rouge," even if they do not contain iron oxide. Jewelers use ultrasonic cleaning to rub out residual rouge from jewelry. Products sold as "scraping compounds" are often used for leather shaving to help obtain sharp edges on knives, hair straightening razors, or any other edge tools.
Different colors of iron oxide in different hydrates (α = red, β = yellow).
3. Used as a pigment: Iron oxide is also used as a pigment, and its names are "Iron Oxide Brown 6", "Iron Oxide Brown 7" and "Iron Oxide Brown 101". Some of them, such as Pigment Red 101 and Pigment Brown 6, have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in cosmetics. Iron oxide and titanium dioxide are used together as a pigment for dental composites.
World's cheapest energy storage--- iron-air battery
Rechargeable iron-air batteries can provide 100 hours of electricity at system costs that compete with traditional power plants and less than 1/10 of the cost of lithium-ion batteries. Finding ways to consolidate renewable energy will be the key to the energy transition. A long-term Cheap and safe batteries to store energy are the holy grail in the field of renewable energy because they can solve the variability of wind and solar energy at low cost.
A French financial consultant set the average storage cost (LCOS) of large lithium-ion batteries at US$132-245/MWh in its industry-standard annual report, and iron-air batteries—at one-tenth of that cost—will be the cheapest type of energy storage available at a certain distance.
The relevant personnel who developed this battery said: "This battery can be used continuously for multiple days and will achieve a reliable, safe and fully renewable power grid throughout the year."
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