MAX phase research can be traced back to the 1960s, when Nowotny et al. first proposed the concept of ternary transition metallic carbides or nitrides. In 2000, Barsoum referred to these materials collectively as the "Mn+1AXn phase "(MAX phase for short). Where M is the transition metal element, A is the primary element, and X is either C or N. Titanium aluminum carbide as a member of the MAX phase ceramics family
The Al in the MAX phase of ti-AL-C system can be rapidly diffused and selectively oxidized during the oxidation process, thus generating a compact Al2O3 film to prevent the matrix material from being further oxidized. The microstructure of the interface between titanium aluminum carbide (Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlC) and the generated Al2O3 enables the system material to self-heal at high temperature. This property is of great significance to maintain the mechanical properties and improve the stability and reliability of the material, which makes it more likely to be used in high temperature environment.The rapid diffusion and selective oxidation of Titanium aluminum carbide (Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlC) at high temperature realize the welding of the material itself and between layers respectively. The fracture toughness of the self-welded Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlC laminates is greatly improved compared with that of single-phase materials.
MAX phase products have a series of properties such as high damage tolerance, good mechanical and thermal properties, etc., which have attracted much attention in recent years
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