Boron nitride is a ceramic material with excellent properties. It has been widely used in many fields due to its high hardness, high heat resistance, high chemical stability, good thermal conductivity, and insulation properties. In recent years, with the continuous progress of technology, the application of boron nitride in fields such as electronics, aerospace, automobiles, metallurgy, etc., has gradually expanded.
1. Properties of boron nitride
High hardness: Boron nitride has a hardness second only to diamond and has extremely high wear and corrosion resistance.
High heat resistance: Maintain excellent thermal and chemical stability at high temperatures.
Good thermal conductivity and insulation: Boron nitride has excellent thermal conductivity and insulation performance.
Good lubricity: Boron nitride can maintain a low friction coefficient at high temperatures and has good lubrication performance.
Low density: Compared to diamond, boron nitride has a lower density and is more suitable for manufacturing lightweight and high-strength materials.
2. Applications of Boron Nitride
Electronic field: Boron nitride is widely used as a heat dissipation material for electronic devices, such as microprocessors and power semiconductor devices. In addition, boron nitride can also be used to manufacture high-frequency components and vacuum electronic devices.
Aerospace field: Due to its excellent high-temperature performance and lightweight characteristics, boron nitride is widely used in high-temperature resistant components in the aerospace field, such as nozzles and turbine blades of aircraft engines.
Automotive field: The application of boron nitride in the automotive field is mainly manifested in the manufacturing of high-performance brake pads and wear-resistant components.
Metallurgical field: In the metallurgical field, boron nitride is used to manufacture corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant furnace lining materials, as well as as an additive in the smelting process.
Other fields: In addition, boron nitride can also be applied in fields such as optics and nuclear industry. For example, boron nitride can be used as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors and for manufacturing high-precision optical components.
3. Preparation method of boron nitride
At present, the main methods for preparing boron nitride include hot pressing sintering, reaction sintering, chemical vapor deposition, and pulse arc method.
Hot press sintering method: The hot press sintering method is a commonly used method for preparing ceramic materials. Under high temperature and high-pressure conditions, boron nitride powder is compacted together and then sintered to obtain dense boron nitride products. The advantage of this method is that the prepared boron nitride has high purity and density but requires expensive equipment and high energy consumption.
Reaction sintering method: The reaction sintering method involves mixing boron and nitrogen compound powders and then conducting reaction sintering at high temperatures to obtain boron nitride products. The advantages of this way are a simple preparation process and low energy consumption, but the purity of boron nitride prepared is relatively low.
Chemical vapor deposition method: The chemical vapor deposition method is a commonly used method for preparing thin films and complex-shaped products. At high temperatures, a gas mixture containing nitrogen and boron elements is passed through the reaction chamber to deposit boron nitride thin films or products on the substrate of the reaction chamber. The advantage of this method is that it can prepare complex-shaped boron nitride products, but it requires expensive equipment and high energy consumption.
Pulse arc method: Pulse arc method is a new method for preparing boron nitride. By using pulsed arc plasma technology, a gas mixture containing nitrogen and boron elements is ionized and heated to extremely high temperatures, followed by cooling and condensation to obtain boron nitride powder. The advantage of this method is that it can prepare high-purity boron nitride powder and has high production efficiency.
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