Difference from α-SiC (Alpha Silicon Carbide) and β-SiC (Beta Silicon Carbide)
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Author : TRUNNANO
Update time : 2024-03-06 14:36:17
What is Silicon carbide (SiC) powder Silicon carbide (SiC) powderis an inorganic non-metallic material composed of silicon and carbon elements, with excellent performances.
Properties of silicon carbide powder High hardness and high strength: the hardness of silicon carbide is second only to diamond, with high compressive strength and bending strength, making it widely used in wear-resistant, cut-resistant and other fields. High-temperature stability: Silicon carbide powder has high-temperature stability, which maintains its structure and performance stability at high temperatures and even in the molten state, so it is suitable for use in high-temperature environments. Good chemical stability: Silicon carbide powder has good chemical stability to most acids, alkalis, and organic solvents and can maintain its performance in harsh chemical environments. Low coefficient of thermal expansion: Silicon carbide powder has a low coefficient of thermal expansion and can maintain small dimensional changes during temperature changes, which is conducive to maintaining its performance. Good thermal and electrical conductivity: Silicon carbide powder has high thermal and electrical conductivity, which gives it certain application potential in electronics, electrical and other fields.
Types of silicon carbide powder According to the different preparation methods and uses, silicon carbide powder can be divided into various types. Black silicon carbide powder: black silicon carbide powder is produced by the reaction between coke and silicon dioxide at high temperature; it is black in color and high in hardness, and is mainly used in the fields of abrasive, abrasive tools and refractory materials. Green silicon carbide powder: green silicon carbide powder is made from petroleum coke and high-quality quartz sand refined in the resistance furnace; green, moderate hardness, and mainly used in cutting, grinding, polishing, and other fields. Micronized Silicon Carbide Powder: Micronized Silicon Carbide Powder is a smaller particle-size silicon carbide powder with high specific surface area and activity, mainly used in ceramics, electronics, coatings and other fields. Reaction Sintered Silicon Carbide Powder: Reaction Sintered Silicon Carbide Powder is made by reacting carbon and silicon dioxide at high temperature, with high density and strength, mainly used in the manufacture of silicon carbide ceramics, silicon carbide coatings and other fields.
There are two commonly used varieties of silicon carbide, black silicon carbide and green silicon carbide, both belonging to α-SiC. ① Black silicon carbide contains about 95% SiC; its toughness is higher than green silicon carbide, and it is mostly used for processing materials with low tensile strength, such as glass, ceramics, stone, refractory materials, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals. ② Green silicon carbide containing SiC of about 97% or more, self-sharpening good, mostly used in the processing of cemented carbide, titanium alloy, and optical glass, also used for honing cylinder liners and precision grinding high-speed steel cutting tools. In addition, there is cubic silicon carbide; it is a special process of yellow-green crystals used to make the abrasive suitable for ultra-fine machining of bearings, which can make the surface roughness from Ra32 ~ 0.16 microns once processed to Ra0.04 ~ 0.02 microns.
Difference from α-SiC (Alpha Silicon Carbide) and β-SiC (Beta Silicon Carbide) Silicon carbide (SiC) is a compound composed of the elements silicon and carbon and has a variety of crystal structures. Among them, the two most common forms are α-SiC (Alpha Silicon Carbide) and β-SiC (Beta Silicon Carbide). They have significant differences in properties, structures, and applications.
Alpha silicon carbide (α-SiC) is a silicon carbide crystal with a sphalerite structure. It has a lattice in which each silicon atom is connected to four carbon atoms by covalent bonds and vice versa. This structure gives α-SiC excellent physical and chemical properties. α-SiC has high hardness, high strength, and good wear resistance, making it an ideal material for abrasives and grinding tools.
Beta silicon carbide (β-SiC) is a silicon carbide crystal with a hexagonal crystal system structure. In its crystal lattice, silicon and carbon atoms are arranged differently to form a layered structure. This structure allows β-SiC to exhibit properties different from α-SiC in some respects. β-SiC has relatively low hardness and strength, but its fracture toughness is higher, which gives β-SiC an advantage in some applications. In addition, β-SiC has better electrical and thermal conductivity, making it potentially useful in electrical and electronic applications.
Alpha silicon carbide (α-sic) and beta silicon carbide (β-sic) have the following differences: 1. During the synthesis process, the synthesis temperature of β-sic is about 1500-1600°C, while the melting temperature of α-sic needs to be more than 2400°C. Since the melting temperature of β-sic is much lower than that of α-sic, its sintering activity is much better, and the particles can be more easily finely and homogeneously produced, which can produce a large number of nanometer, submicron, and micron-sized ultrafine particles.
2. β-sic's crystal type is cubic and spherical, and the equiaxial structure of the crystal determines that the powder has better natural spherical shape and self-sharpening than α-sic, so it has better abrasiveness in precision grinding. The cutting and polishing effect has better sealing performance in producing materials, sealing products, and military products, making the products have better density.
3. β-sic has much higher hardness than α-sic. Therefore, β-sic has better performance and higher grinding efficiency in grinding. It is usually used in the field of ultra-fine grinding.
4. Abrasive: α-sic can be used for rough polishing. In the polishing process, β-sic is used to improve the surface finish. With diamond polishing, the price is about ten times of β-sic. Therefore, β-sic products have higher grinding precision and good finish, which are unsuitable for scraping, and the performance is more outstanding in fine grinding.
5. β-sic has better electrical properties and higher preparation purity than α-sic, which makes it unique in the field of electrical materials, especially in the field of semiconductors. β-sic's electrical and thermal conductivity are several times higher than that of α-sic, which can be used as a heater, heat exchanger, and electric heater. β-sic is resistant to thermal shock and is not afraid of cold and heat.
Application of Silicon Carbide Powder With its excellent performance, silicon carbide powder has been widely used in many fields. Abrasives field: Silicon carbide powder has high hardness and wear resistance and is one of the main raw materials for manufacturing abrasives and grinding tools, such as grinding wheels, cutting blades, and grinding heads. Refractory field: Silicon carbide powder has high-temperature and good chemical stability; it is one of the important raw materials for manufacturing refractory materials, such as refractory bricks, refractory coatings, and so on. Electrical and electronic field: silicon carbide powder has good thermal and electrical conductivity and can be used to manufacture electronic devices, semiconductors, and insulating materials. Ceramic field: Silicon carbide powder can be used to manufacture silicon carbide ceramics, with high-temperature oxidation resistance, thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance and other excellent properties, and can be used to manufacture ceramic knives, ceramic bearings and other high-performance ceramic products. Other fields: Silicon carbide powder can also be used in coatings, rubber, plastics and other fields to improve the hardness of the material, wear resistance, high-temperature resistance and other properties.
As an excellent inorganic non-metallic material, silicon carbide powder, with its high hardness, high strength, high-temperature stability, good chemical stability, and other excellent properties in abrasives, refractories, electrical and electronic, ceramics, and other fields, has been widely used. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the rapid development of industry, the application of silicon carbide powder will continue to expand, and its performance in various fields will be further optimized and enhanced. At the same time, with the growing awareness of environmental protection, the production process and application of silicon carbide powder in environmental protection requirements are also higher and higher; the future production and application of silicon carbide powder will pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainable development.
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