Developing new materials for pharmaceutical 3D printing
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Update time : 2024-01-16 14:26:37
Floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) are essential for increasing gastric residence time. For nearly a decade, additive manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing have created drug delivery formulations. Selective laser sintering (SLS) is rare among the many 3D printing technologies that build drug delivery systems. In addition, using powder is one of the most significant advantages of the SLS process.
Pharmaceutical-grade materials are mainly used for tabletting. Aliphatic polyamides (such as nylon) are the materials of choice for SLS. Nylon is used in the manufacture of amitriptyline erodible and integral matrix tablets. In the early days of developing 3D-printed pharmaceuticals using SLS, nylon drug delivery methods were developed.
Unfortunately, drug release has been extended to 7-9 days, which is ineffective with oral dosage types. Another unsolved challenge is incorporating high-dose active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) into printed drug delivery equipment. Nylon 12 is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer widely used in SLS due to the availability of commercially dyed PA12 powder.
About this study
In this study, the authors present the development of composite prints made of metronidazole (Met) and sintered carbon-dyed polyamide (PA12) using SLS. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and mechanical property evaluation were used to characterize the prints. Prints were also evaluated for functional quality, such as drug release and flotation evaluation in USP3 and USP4 devices.
The composite's thermal stability and its components' properties were verified. 3D printing was used to create composite prints of an elastically insoluble PA12 mesh loaded with a high concentration of crystalline Met. The addition of a penetrant during dissolution is demonstrated. Additionally, the team explains the requirements for defining excipients used in 3D printing and the need to find suitable materials.
PA12 was selected as the excipient for the corresponding sintered matrix tablets containing Met. Using FDDS as a working example, the feasibility of creating polymer-reinforced and high-drug-loading composite formulations was demonstrated. The performance of an inert 3D SLS printable excipient (i.e., nylon for Met incorporation) was evaluated. Extended in vitro drug release properties were studied, and possible degrees of freedom corresponding to dissolution tuning were evaluated.
Nylon powder 3d printing observation
Prints with 80% to 90% Met, a therapeutic dose of approximately 600 mg, and a hardness of over 40 N are of high quality and have an internal porous structure ensuring flotation. The elastic PA12 mesh maintains the shape and structure of the print as the drug breaks down and floats.
The developed drug delivery system, when combined with the prints' potential stomach-retaining properties, can potentially treat Helicobacter pylori. DSC measurements reveal differences in thermal properties between powder mix and printed parts. Drug dissolution from composite PA12/Met prints may be affected by small amounts of penetrant (e.g. 2% v/v NaCl). Along with the continuous development of 3D printing technology, the application prospects of nylon materials will be broader. With the continuous advancement of material science, the performance of nylon materials will be further improved and can be applied in more fields.
Nylon powder 3D printing technology is widely used in many fields
Automobile manufacturing industry: Because nylon materials have high strength and heat resistance, they are often used to make auto parts. Through 3D printing nylon technology, complex parts can be manufactured more accurately, improving cars' overall performance and safety. In addition, 3D printing can also achieve personalized customization to meet the individual needs of consumers and inject new vitality into the automotive industry.
Aerospace industry: Nylon material has become an ideal choice for 3D printing technology due to its lightweight, high strength and high-temperature resistance. Through 3D printing nylon technology, complex parts and assemblies can be manufactured to improve the performance and stability of aircraft. In addition, the small batch production needs in the aerospace industry can also be met by 3D printing nylon technology, reducing production costs and time and accelerating product development and improvement.
Medical industry: Nylon materials can manufacture various medical equipment and artificial organs due to their excellent biocompatibility and strength. Through 3D printing nylon technology, customized medical equipment can be manufactured according to the patient's characteristics, improving the treatment effect and the patient's quality of life. In addition, nylon materials can also be used in the field of bioprinting to achieve breakthroughs in tissue repair and regenerative medicine.
Construction industry: Through 3D printing nylon technology, lightweight and weather-resistant building components can be manufactured to improve the quality and safety of buildings. At the same time, this technology can also rapidly construct buildings and reduce labour and time costs. This innovative way of building will help drive growth and sustainability in the construction industry.
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