Metal sulfides have excellent electrical properties and are widely used in semiconductors, pigments, photoluminescence devices, solar cells, infrared detectors, optical fiber communications, etc. Among them, zinc sulfide is widely studied and used among II-VI compounds. One of the materials. So, what does zinc sulfide do?
Zinc sulfide is a white to off-white or light yellow powder. Its color becomes darker when exposed to light. It is stable in dry air. When placed in humid air or containing moisture for a long time, it gradually oxidizes to zinc sulfate. It is soluble in dilute inorganic acids and insoluble in water and alkali solutions. The relative density is 3.98 (α type), (d25) 4.102 (β type). It is irritating. Due to its various excellent properties, it is widely used in many fields.
Chemical industry
Zinc sulfide is mainly used in paints and plastics in chemical production. The production of zinc sulfide was first recorded in France in 1783. It was used in paints due to its white opacity and insolubility in water, organic solvents, weak acids, and weak bases. Become an important pigment. Zinc sulfide is now the second most vital pigment in the United States after titanium dioxide, but it continues to enjoy an important role in European industry. As a bulk material, commercial-grade zinc sulfide has a melting point of 1650°C and a purity of 98%. Its Mohs hardness is 3.0 and its refractive index is 2.37. Due to its high refractive index and wear resistance, zinc sulfide pigments are widely used on equipment, wax paper, and metal plates. Applying a very thin layer will provide a relatively high covering power. Zinc sulfide is easy to disperse and difficult to agglomerate. It is neutral white and has excellent optical properties. It is usually used as a component of thermosetting plastics, thermoplastic plastics, reinforced fiberglass, flame retardants, artificial rubber and dispersants.
Ceramics
Zinc sulfide is used in ceramics due to its good sintering properties. Research shows that the sintering performance of monodisperse particles of zinc sulfide powder is higher than that of agglomerated zinc sulfide, and as the particle size decreases, the sintering performance increases. The density of zinc sulfide ceramics obtained after sintering zinc sulfide with a particle size of 0.1μm at 1000*C for 2 hours is as high as 98% of the theoretical density.
Photoelectric
Cubic zinc sulfide has a high refractive index in the visible light range (n488: 2.43, n589=2.36) and does not absorb light in this band. Zinc sulfide is a wide-band gap semiconductor. The band gap of the bulk material is 3.75eV, and that of 3nm zinc sulfide particles is 4.13eV. It undergoes an obvious blue shift and is a potential photonic material.
In 1994, Bhargava R N first reported the doping of a certain amount of manganese into the semiconductor nanocrystalline material zinc sulfide to obtain doped nanocrystalline material zinc sulfide: manganese. Through doping, the electron transition path in the luminous body is changed to reduce non-radiative electron loss. Luminescence tests show that its quantum efficiency is greatly improved, and its decay time is five orders of magnitude shorter than that of bulk materials, giving zinc sulfide: manganese luminophores the optical properties of fast response and low threshold. Through the doping of other metal ions M (transition metal ions copper, silver, rare earth element ions samarium, europium, terbium, erbium, etc.), it is found that introducing different dopants into the nano zinc sulfide matrix can obtain visible emissions in different wavelength bands.
The luminous color of electroluminescent displays based on zinc sulfide varies with the added substances. For example, zinc sulfide doped with manganese (manganese fluoride added, luminous wavelength is 675nm) is yellow-orange, and manganese-doped with a filter is It is yellow-green, doped with samarium, it is red, doped with terbium fluoride (adding terbium fluoride, light with wavelengths of 542.5nm and 487.5nm can be obtained) is green, doped with thulium fluoride, it is blue. Erbium-doped zinc sulfide thin film devices have electric near-infrared luminescence properties. The presence of trace amounts of copper will cause the zinc sulfide structure in local areas to change from a hexagonal crystal form to a cubic crystal form, forming a variety of luminescence centers.
Due to the existence of the quantum size effect, the emission wavelength of nano-zinc sulfide: M phosphor also changes compared with the bulk phase. Therefore, its luminous frequency, luminous efficiency, etc., can be modulated by doping and controlling its particle size to achieve doping at the molecular level. It is expected to develop blue light-emitting devices to achieve ultra-high resolution and ultra-large screen displays. The zinc sulfide: Mn, Cu DC electroluminescent materials developed by the Changchun Institute of Physics have reached the world's advanced level. It is used for numbers, text, symbols and automatic ana log displays, computer terminals, radar displays, large-screen displays, in the military, transportation, post, and telecommunications etc.
Infrared performance
Zinc sulfide is an infrared optical material with high infrared transmittance and excellent optical, mechanical and thermal comprehensive properties in the 3-5p.m and 8-12ym bands. It is the best dual-band infrared observation window for aircraft and Hood material. Using this property as a special absorbing material doped with pigments requires a single particle with a larger particle size and can be modified with a metal nanolayer wrapped on the surface of zinc sulfide.
The excellent properties of zinc sulfide have attracted increasing attention from materials scientists, and people have been exploring good synthesis methods to stabilize particles microscopically and control their size. With the continuous deepening of research work, it is hoped to find low-dimensional zinc sulfide materials with uniform scale and shape, as well as excellent optical and electrical properties in the future.
Supplier
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