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By TRUNNANO | 10 October 2023 | 1 Comments

Magnetic materials available for biomagnetic beads-nano ferric oxide

The basic structure of biomagnetic beads is the core-shell/sandwich type. The magnetic polymer microspheres have a sandwich-type structure. The interior is a porous microsphere of polymer, and the exterior is coated with polymer coatings of various materials to satisfy the diverse requirements of different applications. Magnetic: The material fills the pores between the two.
The main magnetic materials that can be used are nano-ferroferric oxide with superparamagnetic properties. These beads vary from conventional ferromagnets because they exhibit magnetic properties only when there are magnetic fields of an outside source. This is a function of the dimensions of the particles inside the beads. It also allows suspension separation between the beads from any material they are attached to. Since they do not attract each other outside of a magnetic field, they can be used without fear of unwanted clumping. The innermost layer is polystyrene, and the outermost layer is a polymer material modified with functional groups (such as carboxyl-COOH hydroxyl-OH), which can bind to nucleic acids. If different functional groups are coupled, the magnetic beads have different functions.

Magnetic beads of different sizes have obvious differences in levitation. The smaller the size, the better the levitation, but the magnetic response will be weakened. Most commonly used for small-sized samples with a lower amount of nucleic acids, it's preferential to select magnetic beads with excellent characteristics for suspension. Both -OH magnetic beads and -COOH can effectively adsorb nucleic acids. Generally speaking, in the chaotropic salt system, -OH magnetic beads have a relatively better adsorption effect on nucleic acids; in a PEG system, -COOH has a relatively better adsorption effect on DNA and RNA.

Magnetic beads are generally stored in organic solvents such as chaotropic salts and polyethylene glycol (PEG). PEG precipitates proteins and DNA. In DNA ligation reactions, low-concentration PEG is used as a polymerization agent to enhance the chance of collision between the carrier and the target fragment. PEG can also maintain the viscosity of the solution, keeping the magnetic beads in suspension and preventing agglomeration and protein denaturation. Non-specific adsorption.

The solid-phase carrier reversible immobilization method uses paramagnetic beads to selectively bind to nucleic acids according to type and size and can be used to separate, purify, and clean up high-purity nucleic acids. The structure of nucleic acid molecules is destroyed in the liquid, DNA molecules aggregate and precipitate, and the charged phosphate groups are adsorbed to the surface of the magnetic beads. After the reaction buffer is discarded, adding water-based molecules will quickly and fully hydrate the nucleic acid molecules, releasing the three. The ionic interaction between them enables the nucleic acid molecules adsorbed to the magnetic beads to be purified. Utilizing the magnetism of magnetic beads, collection, and elution can be performed by applying an external magnetic field. This technology can be applied to next-generation sequencing (NGS), Sanger sequencing, qPCR, ddPCR microarrays, etc. This technique eliminates the need for centrifugation or vacuum and reduces the shear force on targeted molecules. It also requires fewer steps and reagents than the other DNA extraction methods.

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